Howard Carter - 09May2012

Howard Carter (9 May 1874 – 2 March 1939) was an English archaeologist and Egyptologist known for co-discovering the tomb of 14th-century BC pharaoh Tutankhamun.

霍華德·卡特（Howard Carter，1874年5月9日－1939年3月2日），英格蘭人，是英國考古學家和埃及學的先驅。是埃及帝王谷圖坦卡蒙王KV62號陵墓及覆戴著「黃金面具」的圖坦卡蒙王木乃伊之發現者。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Carter
中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E8%8F%AF%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9

Keith Haring - 04May2012

Keith Haring (May 4, 1958 – February 16, 1990) was an artist and social activist whose work responded to the New York City street culture of the 1980s.

凱斯·哈林（Keith Haring，1958年5月4日－1990年2月16日），1980年代之美國街頭繪畫藝術家和社會運動者。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Haring
中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%9E%97

International Workers' Day - 01May2012

International Workers' Day (also known as May Day) is a celebration of the international labour movement. May 1 is a national holiday in more than 80 countries and celebrated unofficially in many other countries.

國際勞動節又稱「五一國際勞動節」、「勞動節」、「國際示威遊行日」，是世界上大多數國家的勞動節。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day

中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E8%8A%82

Gideon Sundback - 24Apr2012

Gideon Sundback (April 24, 1880 – June 21, 1954) was a Swedish-American electrical engineer. Gideon Sundback is most commonly associated with his work in the development of the zipper.

奧托·弗萊德里克·吉迪昂·森貝克 （瑞典語：Otto Fredrik Gideon Sundbäck，英語：Gideon Sundback，1880年4月24日－1954年6月21日，又譯吉德昂·遜德巴克），是一位瑞典裔美國籍的電機工程師，將拉鏈改進為現代常見的樣式，獲有拉鏈的專利。並在加拿大設立閃電扣件公司（Lightning Fastener Compan）以生產他所發明的拉鏈。1905年森貝克移民美國。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gideon_Sundback

中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%BF%AA%E6%98%82%C2%B7%E6%A3%AE%E8%B2%9D%E5%85%8B

Earth Day - 22Apr2012

Earth Day is an annual day on which events are held worldwide to increase awareness and appreciation of the Earth's natural environment. Earth Day is now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network, and is celebrated in more than 175 countries every year. In 2009, the United Nations designated April 22 International Mother Earth Day. Earth Day is planned for April 22 in all years at least through 2015.

The name and concept of Earth Day was allegedly pioneered by John McConnell in 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco. He proposed March 21, 1970, the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere. This day of nature's equipoise was later sanctioned in a Proclamation signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations. About the same time a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach-in first held on April 22, 1970. While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States, an organization launched by Denis Hayes, who was the original national coordinator in 1970, took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations. Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of activities focused on environmental issues.

世界地球日即每年的4月22日，是一項世界性的環境保護活動。最早的地球日活動是1970年代於美國校園興起的環保運動，1990年代這項活動從美國走向世界，成為全世界環保主義者的節日和環境保護宣傳日，在這天不同國籍的人們以各自不同的方式宣傳和實踐環境保護的觀念。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Day
中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%97%A5

Robert Doisneau - 14Apr2012

Robert Doisneau (French pronunciation: [ʁɔbɛʁ dwano]) (14 April 1912 – 1 April 1994)was a French photographer. In the 1930s he used a Leica on the streets of Paris. He and Henri Cartier-Bresson were pioneers of photojournalism.[2] He is renowned for his 1950 image Le baiser de l'hôtel de ville (Kiss by the Town Hall), a photograph of a couple kissing in the busy streets of Paris. Robert Doisneau was appointed a Chevalier (Knight) of the Legion of Honour in 1984.

羅伯特·杜瓦諾（Robert Doisneau，1912年4月14日－1994年4月1日），法國平民攝影家，與亨利·卡蒂爾-布雷松並稱為一代攝影大師。兩人的攝影都以紀實為主，但風格卻不盡相同。布列松經常出遊，作品比較深沉嚴肅，關心各地民族疾苦；杜瓦諾則一生只以他所居住的巴黎為創作基地，喜歡在平民百姓的日常生活中抓取幽默風趣的瞬間。

杜瓦諾最為人知的作品是他在1950年發表的名為《市政廳前之吻》（法語：Le baiser de l'hôtel de ville）的照片。1984年，杜瓦諾獲得法國榮譽軍團勳章（Légion d'honneur）。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Doisneau
中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E7%93%A6%E8%AF%BA

Eadweard Muybridge - 09Apr2012

Eadweard James Muybridge ( /ˌɛdwərd ˈmaɪbrɪdʒ/; 9 April 1830 – 8 May 1904) was a British photographer who spent much of his working life in California, and traveling in other parts of the United States. He is known for his pioneering work on animal locomotion in 1877 and 1878, which used multiple cameras to capture motion in stop-action photographs, and his zoopraxiscope, a device for projecting motion pictures that pre-dated the flexible perforated film strip used in cinematography.

In his earlier years in San Francisco, Muybridge had become known for his landscape photography, particularly of the Yosemite Valley. He also photographed the Tlingit people in Alaska, and was commissioned by the United States Army to photograph the Modoc War in 1873. In 1874 he shot and killed Major Harry Larkyns, his wife's lover, and was acquitted in a jury trial on the grounds of justifiable homicide. He traveled for more than a year in Central America on a photographic expedition in 1875.

In the 1880s, Muybridge entered a very productive period at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, producing over 100,000 images of animals and humans in motion, capturing what the human eye could not distinguish as separate movements. He spent much of his later years giving public lectures and demonstrations of his photography and early motion picture sequences. He also edited and published compilations of his work, which greatly influenced visual artists and the developing fields of scientific and industrial photography.

埃德沃德·邁布里奇（Eadweard J. Muybridge，1830年4月9日－1904年5月8日），英國攝影師，他因使用多個相機拍攝運動的物體而著名，他發明的「動物實驗鏡」（Zoopraxiscope）是一種可以播放運動圖像的投影機，將連續圖像繪製在一塊玻璃圓盤的邊緣，隨著玻璃的旋轉，將影像投射出去，這樣就使這些影象顯得像在運動。 他在美國開創其事業之前學習了攝影，他因拍攝大量運動中的動物和人物的照片而著名，他同時也是一個成功的風景和勘察攝影師，紀錄片藝術家，戰地記者和發明家。邁布里奇革命性的技術創造了永恆的形象，進而深深影響了幾代攝影師，電影製作者和藝術家，其中包括Francis Bacon, Marcel Duchamp, Jasper Johns, Cy Twombly, 和 Douglas Gordon。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadweard_Muybridge
中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%BF%88%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe - 27Mar2012

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (March 27, 1886, Aachen – August 17, 1969, Chicago) was a German-American architect. He is commonly referred to, and was addressed, as Mies, his surname. Along with Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier and Oscar Niemeyer, he is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture.

Mies, like many of his post-World War I contemporaries, sought to establish a new architectural style that could represent modern times just as Classical and Gothic did for their own eras. He created an influential twentieth century architectural style, stated with extreme clarity and simplicity. His mature buildings made use of modern materials such as industrial steel and plate glass to define interior spaces. He strived towards an architecture with a minimal framework of structural order balanced against the implied freedom of free-flowing open space. He called his buildings "skin and bones" architecture. He sought a rational approach that would guide the creative process of architectural design. He is often associated with the aphorisms "less is more" and "God is in the details".

路德維希·密斯·凡德羅（Ludwig Mies van der Rohe，1886年3月27日－1969年8月17日）生於德國亞琛，過世於美國芝加哥，原名為瑪麗亞·路德維希·密夏埃爾·密斯(Maria Ludwig Michael Mies)，德國建築師，亦是最著名的現代主義建築大師之一。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe
中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%AD%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E5%AF%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%87%A1%E5%BE%B7%E7%BE%85

Juan Gris - 23Mar2012

José Victoriano (Carmelo Carlos) González-Pérez (March 23, 1887 – May 11, 1927), better known as Juan Gris (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwaŋ ˈgɾis]), was a Spanish painter and sculptor who lived and worked in France most of his life. His works, which are closely connected to the emergence of an innovative artistic genre—Cubism—are among the movement's most distinctive.

胡安·格里斯（Juan Gris，1887年3月23日－1927年5月11日），本名José Victoriano González-Pérez，是西班牙畫家、雕塑家。他一生中在法國生活和工作。他的作品緊密相連出現的一種創新的藝術流派—立體主義，在立體主義之間中最有特色的。

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Gris
中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF

Chunfen - 20Mar2012

The traditional East Asian calendars divide a year into 24 solar terms (節氣). Chūnfēn (pīnyīn) or Shunbun (rōmaji) (Chinese and Japanese: 春分; Korean: 춘분; Vietnamese: Xuân phân; literally: "vernal equinox") is the 4th solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 0° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 15°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 0°. In the Gregorian calendar, it usually begins around 20 March and ends around 4 April (5 April East Asia time).

春分是春季九十天的中分點。農曆的二十四節氣之一。太陽位於黃經0°。

《月令七十二候集解》：「二月中，分者半也，此當九十日之半，故謂之分。秋同義。」《春秋繁露·陰陽出入上下 篇》說：「春分者，陰陽相半也，故晝夜均而寒暑平。」

wiki : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunfen

中文 : http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E6%98%A5%E5%88%86